Effects of moxibustion on the ultrastructure of synovial cells of knee joint and serum cytokines in adjuvant arthritis rats / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of moxibustion on the ultrastructure of synovial cells of knee joint and serum cytokines in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats, and to explore the potential mechanism of moxibustion in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.@*METHODS@#Forty-five Wistar male rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and a moxibustion group, with 15 rats in each group. In the model group and the moxibustion group, the AA model was replicated under wind, cold and humid environment and by injection with complete freund's adjuvant. In the moxibustion group, moxibustion at "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Shenshu" (BL 23) was used, 20 min each time, once daily, for consecutive 21 days. In the normal group and the model group, no intervention was processed. The scores of the knee joint swelling degree (JSD) and arthritis index (AI) were compared among groups. The ultrastructure of synovial cells of knee joint were observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). The levels of serum cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interieukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 were detected using ELISA method.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal group, JSD and AI scores, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were increased (P<0.01), while IL-10 was reduced (P<0.01) in the model group after intervention. JSD and AI scores, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were lower (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the level of IL-10 was higher (P<0.01) in the moxibustion group compared with the model group. Compared with the normal group, the ultrastructure of synovial cell was obviously damaged in the model group, and the damage was attenuated in the moxibustion group compared with the model group.@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion can reduce the symptoms of arthritis in AA rats, which may be related to the improvement of the ultrastructure of synovial cells and the regulation of cytokines.

Role of Bone Marrow Cell Morphology Combined with Immunohistochemistry Examinations in the Diagnosis of Patients with Primary Bone Marrow Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the diagnostic value of bone marrow cell morphology combined with immunohistochemistry in patients with primary bone marrow lymphoma.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 23 patients with primary bone marrow lymphoma diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2010 to December 2019 were collected. The characteristics of bone marrow aspiration, bone marrow biopsy and immunohistochemistry results were analyzed retrospectively, and the diagnostic value of bone marrow cell morphology combined with immunohistochemistry in primary bone marrow lymphoma were clarified.@*RESULTS@#Most of primary bone marrow lymphoma was B-cell lymphoma, among which diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most common pathological type. Typical lymphoma cells could be found in all the patients. 78.26% of the patients could be diagnosed as lymphoma with pathological type, while 91.30% were diagnosed as lymphoma through combined with the bone marrow immunohistochemistry.@*CONCLUSION@#Bone marrow cell morphology combined with immunohistochemistry shows very important diagnostic value in patients with primary bone marrow lymphoma.

Awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in 640 000 adults in eastern China / 中华流行病学杂志

To understand the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in residents aged 35-75 years in eastern China, analyze the treatment mode for antihypertensive agents while identifying those factors affecting awareness, treatment and control. The data collected in eastern China from the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE) Million Persons Project were used to obtain the information about the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the residents and the antihypertensive medication treatment mode in this area. Multilevel mixed-effects model was used to explore the association of the demographic characteristics of hypertension patients with the rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. A total of 640 539 participants aged 35-75 years, mean age (56.9±9.6) years, were included in the analysis, women accounted for 59.7 and 318 741 (49.8) of the participants suffered from hypertension. Among those hypertensive patients, 46.5 were aware of their condition, 38.1 were taking prescribed antihypertensive medications, and 11.1 had achieved the control of hypertension, the differences were significant among provinces, between urban area and rural area and among different demographical groups. Calcium-channel blockers was the most commonly used medication (45.1), and 78 735 hypertension patients (86.2) took only one type of medication. Older age, higher household income, higher level of education, and histories of myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes were associated with higher awareness, treatment and control of hypertension (<0.05). The rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were low in residents in eastern China. The differences in hypertension management were significant among provinces and between urban area and rural area. Further efforts are needed to enhance the system of hypertension prevention, screening, diagnosis and treatment.

Significance of Bone Marrow Unclassifiable Cells in Diagnosis of Fever of Unknown Origin / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical significance of bone marrow unclassifiable cells in diagnosis of fever of unknown origin(FUO).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 60 patients with FUO admitted in the first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong university from June 2014 to May 2016 were collected, and 60 patients with FUO were divided into 2 group: group A(30 cases) in which the unclassifiable cells in bone marrow were observed by bone marrow examination, and group B(30 cases) in which the unclassifiable cells in bone marrow not were found by bone marrow examination. The clinical characteristics, bone marrow features, immunophenotypes of bone marrow cells and prognosis of patients in 2 groups were analyzed retrospectively.@*RESULTS@#Out of 30 patients in group A, 18 were diagnosed as malignant tumors including 12 cases of lymphoma, while out of 30 patients in group B, 5 cases were diagnosed as malignant tumor, including 3 cases of lymphoma. For the patients with non-tumor diseases, the bone marrow unclassifiable cells disappeared after the patients condition was improved.@*CONCLUSION@#The bone marrow examination including the smear and biopsy shonld be performed routinely for the patients with FUO. If the unclassifiable cells are observed morphologically in bone marrow of patients with FUO, the disease of patients should be considered as malignant tumor, especially, lymphoma.

Therapeutic effect of valsartan combined beraprost sodium on hypertension complicated early renal in‐jury／ / 心血管康复医学杂志

To observe and analyze therapeutic effect of valsartan combined beraprost sodium on patients with hypertension (EH) complicated early renal injury (ERI).Methods : A total of 480 EH + ERI patients treated in our hospital in near two years were randomly and equally divided into valsartan group and combined treatment group (received valsartan combined beraprost sodium) , both groups were treated for three months .Levels of blood pressure , renal function related indexes were compared between two groups before and after treatment .Results :Compared with before treatment , after three months , there were significant reductions in levels of blood pressure , serum creatinine , urine β2 microglobulin and D‐dimer , and significant rise in creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) in two groups , P＝0.001 all.Compared with valsartan group after treatment , there were significant reductions in levels of blood pressure [ (130. 92 ± 5.92)／(80.18 ± 6.69) mmHg vs.(120. 93 ± 6. 53)／(69.98 ± 6.32) mmHg] , serum creatinine [ (93.92 ± 10. 49) μmol／L vs.(83. 14 ± 11. 03) μmol／L] , urine β2 microglobulin [ (385.41 ± 35.54) μg／L vs.(362.65 ± 26.59) μg／L] and D‐dimer [ (1. 75 ± 0.44) mg／L vs.(1. 01 ± 0.11) mg／L] , and significant rise in Ccr [ (63.22 ± 7. 66) ml／min vs.(79.13 ± 8.83) ml／min] in combined treatment group , P＝0.001 all.Conclusion :Compared with valsartan monotherapy , valsartan combined beraprost sodium can more significantly reduce blood pressure and protect renal function in hypertensive patients with early renal injury .

Effect of estradiol valerate on expression of adrenergic rceptors in the preoptic area of hypothalamus of ovariectomized rats / 医学研究生学报

Objective The occurrence of perimenopausal hot flashes involves many theories, among which the study of neurotransmitter mechanism has attracted much attention. This study aims to investigate the changes of α1 and α2 adrenoreceptors in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus(POAH) in ovariectomized rats after 4 weeks treatment with estradiol valerate, and explore the potential neurotransmitter mechanism of perimenopausal hot flashes. Methods 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 230±10 g and aged 6-8WK, were divided into three groups: ovariectomy (OVX)group , sham group, and ovariectomy plus estradiol valerate (OVX+E2) group, each 10. Rats in sham-operated group opened pelvic cavity to find ovaries, but did not remove them. The other rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy under sterile conditions. Rats in OVX group and (OVX+E2) group received bilateral ovariectomy, rats in OVX group received isotonic saline gavage (10 mg/kg), and rats in (OVX+E2) group received estradiol valerate gavage (0.8 mg /kg). Anesthesia, cardiac perfusion and paraffin section were made after taking the brain. The expression of α1 and α2 adrenoreceptors in POAH of the rats was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results After 4 weeks’ treatment, the number of α1[(54.0±3.9)/100μm2] and α2[(89.0±2.4)/100μm2] adrenoreceptor positive cells in POAH of OVX group significantly decreased compared with that in sham group[(66.3±4.0)、(71.0±2.2)/100μm2](P<0.01),while the number of α1 and α2 [(63.7±4.5)、(73.1±3.5)/100μm2)] adrenoreceptor positive cells in POAH of（OVX+E2 ）group significantly increased compared with that in OVX group(P<0.01). The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The expression of two adrenergic receptors in the POAH of ovariectomized rats changed. The central noradrenergic system may be involved in the mechanism of perimenopausal hot flashes,which need further studying.

Genomewide DNA Methylation Responses in Patients with β-Thalassemia Treated with Yisui Shengxue Granules () / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To examine the clinical effects of Yisui Shengxue Granules () in the treatment of β-thalassemia and explore its mechanism on DNA methylation levels.@*METHODS@#A randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded trial was conducted. Forty patients with β-thalassemia were recruited and distributed randomly by envelope method into an experimental group and a control group, 20 patients in each group. The patients were given Yisui Shengxue Granules in the experimental group and placebo in the control group (12 g/bag three times a day) during a 3-month intervention. Before and after 1, 2, and 3 months of treatment, peripheral intravenous blood was sampled, and blood parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), reticulocytes (Ret), and fetal hemoglobin (HbF) were analyzed. Mononuclear cells from 5 patients, who showed an obvious treatment effect, were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. DNA methylation was analyzed using an Affymetrix USA GeneChip Human Promoter 1.0 Array and Input-promoter 1.0.@*RESULTS@#Compared with pre-treatment, there was an obvious increase in Hb and RBCs counts after 1, 2, and 3 months in the experiment group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Meanwhile, HbF increased from the 2nd to the 3rd month (P<0.05). In the control group, Hb and RBCs showed no obvioas change. After 3-month treatment, DNA methylation results from 5 patients revealed that there were 24 hypomethylated genes and 3,685 hypermethylated genes compared with pre-treatment. Genes of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) revealed the most relations with other genes (degree: 21) and genes of 1-phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma 2 (PLCG2) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 (MAPK10) showed a stronger intermediary role (betweenness centrality=0.04).@*CONCLUSIONS@#JAK3 and MAPK10 are two key genes in bone marrow and the lymphatic system, and JAK3 is likely to be related to hematopoietic cytokines in the process of early hematopoiesis. (Registration No. NCT01549080).

Characteristics and Diagnostic Values of Bone Marrow Cell Morphology and Immunophenotyping in Lymphoma Cell Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the characteristics and diagnostic values of bone marrow cell morphology and immunophenotyping in lymphoma cell leukemia patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data of the bone marrow cell morphology and immunophenotyping of 35 patients with lymphoma cell leukemia admitted from January 2012 to January 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, and the value of bone marrow cell morphology and immunophenotype in the diagnosis of lymphoma cell leukemia was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bone marrow cell morphological examination showed the typical lymphoma cells in all the patients. The expression of differentiation antigens in lymphoma cell leukemia was consistent with that of original pathological diagnosis. In T-cell lymphoma cell leukemia, the expression of CD7, CD3, CD2, CD5, CD11b, CD34, and HLA-DR were present predominantly, among them the CD7 was the most sensitive antigen and its positive expression rate was 69.2%. In B-cell lymphoma cell leukemia, the expression of CD19, CD20, CD22, CD79a, Skappa, and early antigen HLA-DR were observed predominantly, among them the positive expression rate of CD19 was the highest (89.5%). Out of 35 cases, 28 cases showed that the percentage of lymphoma cells on bone marrow smears was consistent with that of bone marrow immunophenotyping, and 7 cases showed that the percentage of lymphoma cells between bone marrow smears and immunophenotyping differed by more than 1.5-fold.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Bone marrow slides combined with immunophenotyping may be helpful for judging lymphoma cell marrow invasion and making early diagnosis of lymphoma cell leukemia.</p>

Effect of vitamin D deficiency on cardiac autonomic nerve function in obese pre-school children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of vitamin D (VitD) deficiency on cardiac autonomic nerve function in obese pre-school children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 242 pre-school children with simple obesity were enrolled, and according to the serum 25-(OH) VitD level, they were divided into VitD deficiency group (76 children), VitD insufficiency group (83 children), and VitD sufficiency group (83 children). The three groups were compared in terms of deceleration capacity (DC) of heart rate, acceleration capacity (AC) of heart rate, and heart rate variability (HRV). The correlations of VitD level with DC, AC, and HRV were analyzed for the VitD insufficiency and VitD deficiency groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The VitD deficiency group had the lowest DC, root mean square of successive differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD), and low-frequency power (LF) and the highest AC (P<0.05). The VitD insufficiency group had significantly lower DC, RMSSD, and LF and significantly higher AC compared with the VitD sufficiency group (P<0.05). The VitD deficiency group had significantly lower standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals (SDNN) and high-frequency power (HF) than the VitD sufficiency group (P<0.05). In the VitD deficiency group, VitD level was positively correlated with DC, SDNN, standard deviation of average normal-to-normal RR intervals, RMSSD , LF, and HF and was negatively correlated with AC (P<0.05). In the VitD insufficiency group, VitD level was negatively correlated with AC (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Obese pre-school children with VitD insufficiency or deficiency have cardiac autonomic dysfunction, and cardiac vagal tone decreases with the reduction in VitD level.</p>

Bone Marrow Morphology of Multiple Myeloma with Non-bone-related Extramedullary Disease / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the morphological characteristics of bone marrow cells of multiple myeloma with non-bone-related extramedullary disease and thier clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bone marrow smears, peripheral blood smears and bone marrow biopsy sections as well as thier examination results of 20 cases of multiple myloma with non-bone-related extramedullary disease were collected at initial diagnosis in First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from March 2013 to March 2016, and morphological characterisistes of bone marrow cells were analysed in combination with clinical data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The morphology of plasma cells in 20 patients showed 2 cytologic subtypes: primitive cell type (16 cases) and pleomorphic type (4 cases). Immature plasma cells were found in the 5 patients' peripheral blood smear, accounting for about 1%-4% of the number of peripheral blood cells. In bone marrow tissue, plasma cells hyperproliferated with nodular and packed type, and secondary myelofibrosis counted for 12 cases (60%). 13 MM patients whose non-bone-related extramedullary disease occurred during therapy were divided into 2 groups according to the marrow fibrosis density. The median time from diagnosis of MM to extramedullary lesions resulting from fibrosis 0-1 grade and 2-3 grade was 23.7±3.7 months and 10.5±3.2 months ahead of the former(P=0.025).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Bone marrow plasma cell morphology of multiple myeloma with non-bone-related extramedullary disease at the initial diagnosis is mostly immature type, and plasma cells proliferate with nodular and packed type and accompanied by different degree of fibrosis. The degree of myelofibrosis indirectly reflects the degree of proliferation and malignancy of the bone marrow plasma cells, which maybe possess some value in predicting extramedullary disease in the early stages of the MM.</p>

Clinical application of operative hysteroscopy in treatment of complex hydrosalpinx to IVF

Background: In vitro ferti1izati.m and embryo transfer [IVF-ET] is the best option for patients with hydrosalpinx. However, if hydrosalpinges is not pre-treated, the therapeutic outcomes of IVF-ET would be compromised. Objective: This study aims to investigate the safety and effects of' operative hysteroscopy in the treatment of patients with hydrosalpinx prior to IVF-ET, who were not indicated for laparotcny due to extensive pelvic adhesion. Materials and Methods: The study analyses retrospectively data from 10 women with hydrosalpinx, who were unable to undergo laparotolny due to extensive pelvic adhesion and treated by operative hysteroscopy prior to IVF-ET, and was assessed the effects and safety of the procedure.Results: Postoperative FIystero-salpingoraphy demonstrated complete tubal occlusion of the diseased side in all cases. Being applied with IVF-ET for fertility after their hysteroscopy operation, 5 out of 10 patients acquired clinical pregnancy. Conclusion: Hysteroscopic tuba1 occlusion of the proximal pm of the hydrosalpinx can effectively prevent the hydrops backflow to endometrial cavity and benefit subsequent implantation in the course of assisted reproduction without significant complicntious

Significance of Simultaneous Analysis of Bone Marrow Smear and Bone Marrow Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Multiple Myloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of bone marrow smear and biopsy simultaneously applied to diagnosis of multiple myloma (MM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 30 cases of multiple myloma were collected from our hospital in the year 2014 and analyzed retrospectively, and the results of the bone marrow smear and the simultaneous bone marrow biopsy were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hyperplasia levels in bone marrow biopsy was significantly higher than that in bone marrow smears, and the active and highly active hyperplasia of nucleated cells were observed in all the bone marrow biopsies; the myeloma cells showed a focal or diffuse distribution, the binuclear or polynuclear myeloma cells were observed in 22 patients (73%), but the detection rate of abnormal myeloma cells was 40% in bone marrow smear (P < 0.05). There was mild to moderate hyperplasia of fibrous tissue in bone marrow biopsy, and the hyperplasia degeree of fibrous tissue strongly positively correlated with the myeloma cell ratio (r = 0.412).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The bone marrow smear and aspiration biopsy can complement each other so as to reduce the misdiagnosis rate, therefore contributes to the early diaglosis and treatment.</p>

Diagnostic value of hepcidin in elderly patients with iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic disease / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was to evaluate the differential diagnostic value of serum Hepcidin in elderly patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA)and anemia of chronic disease (ACD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The group of IDA consisted of 28 elderly patients, and the group of ACD consisted of 21 elderly patients, the control group included 25 healthy elderly people. Hepcidin was measured by ELISA; WBC,RBC counts were assayed by haematology analyzer; the serum ferritin level was measured by using radioimmunoassay; C-reaction protein(CRP) and serum iron levels were assayed by a biochemical analyzer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hepcidin level between the three groups was significantly different (P < 0.01); serum ferritin,WBC and CRP levels in ACD patients were significantly higher than that in IDA patients (P < 0.01); according to the receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the best threshold in diagnosis of IDA was 93.31 µg/L with the sensitivity of 88% and the specificity of 89%; the best threshold diagnosis of ACD was 130.05 µg/L with the sensitivity of 72% and the specificity of 96%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>serum Hepcidin has a certain value in the differential diagnosis of IDA and ACD in elderly patients.</p>

Pathological Characteristics of Bone Marrow in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patients with Secondary Myelofibrosis and Their Relationship with Prognosis / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the pathological characteristics of bone marrow in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL) patients with secondary myelofibrosis and their relationship with disease prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pathological characteristics of bone marrow in 14 NHL patients with secondary myelofibrosis and 30 NHL patients without secondary myelofibrosis received from January 2012 to December 2013 in Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical School were analysed, and overall survival and progress-free survival rates of NHL patients with and without secondary myelofibrosis were analyzed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>14 cases of NHL with secondary myelofibrosis including 9 cases of lymphoma cell leukemia were all at stage IV and had hyperplasia of bone marrow fibrous tissue, the Gomori staining were all positive. When the lymphoma cells in bone marrow decreased or negative, their Gomori staining were negative. If the disease relapsed, the Gomori staining became positive again. There were 30 cases of NHL at stage IV wihtout secondary myelofibrosis. The overall survival rates and progression-free survival rates at 1,3,5 years in these patients were 100%, 93.1%, 57.6% and 100%, 92.6%,52.6% respectively. The overall survival rates and progression-free survival rates at 1,3,5 years in 14 NHL patients with secondary myelofibrosis were 92.9%,81.3%, 48.8% and was 71.8%, 62.3%, 47.9%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NHL patients with secondary myelofibrosis are almost at stage IV, especially in the patients with lymphoma cell leukemia. They had different degree of hyperplasia of bone marrow fibrous tissue, and the myelofibrosis would be reduced or disappeared when the disease in remission. The overall and progression -free survival rates decrease in NHL patients with secondary myelofibrosis, compared with patients without secondary myelofibrosis. Secondary myelofibrosis is one of the indicators of poor prognosis.</p>

Genotype Analysis of Hemoglobinopathy in Chinese Jiangsu Population / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the genotype distribution of hemoglobinopathy in Chinese Jiangsu population.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A total of 4115 samples were screened for hemaglobinopathy by using MCV combined with erythrocyte fragility tests and HPLC. Thalassemia genotypes were identified by Gap-PCR and Recerse Dot blot. PCR-DNA sequencing and PCR-elecrophoresis were used as supplement of PCR-RBD and for identifying the mutants of globin gene of abnormal hemoglobin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive screening rate was 6.10% (251/4115) in Chinese Jiangsu population, 232 cases received thalassemia genotype diagnosis and from them 195 people were positive. In all positive ones, α-thalassemia, β-thalassemia, α-thalassemia combined with β-thalassemia, SEA-HPFH and SEA-HPFH combined with β-thalassemia were found respectively to be 31.28% (61/232), 66.15% (129/232), 1.54% (3/232), 0.43% (1/232) and 0.43% (1/232) of patients. The majority genotype of α-thalassemia was - - (SEA) and IVS-II-654 was the main genotype of β-thalassemia, 11 cases of abnormal hemoglobin were found, including 3 cases of Hb E, 1 Hb Kenitra, 1 Hb Seattle, 1 Hb Saitama, 1 Hb Bushwick, 1 Hb Koln and 1 Hb M-Milwaukee-2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The main hemoglobinpathy is thalassemia in Chinese Jiangsu province and the HPLC play an important role in screening hemoglobinpathy. There is reference value of this study for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.</p>

Analysis of bone marrow and peripheral blood cytologic features in hyperleukocytic acute leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purpose to investigate the cytologic features of bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) in hyperleukocytic acute leukemia (HAL) and their clinical significance in accordance with high leukocyte count as poor prognostic factor for acute leukemia. The smears of BM and PB were collected from 68 out-patients and inpatients including 28 cases of HLA and 40 cases of non HAL (NHAL) in our hospital since 2009. The proliferation degree, morphology and abnormal appearance in each cell lineage were observed with HE, POX, PAS, NSE+ NaF staining for BM mears and HE staining for PB smears by means of optical microscope. The final diagnosis was made by cellular chemical staining results, then the counting and classification were performed in 200 nucleated cells to calculate the percentage of each cell lineage, the myeloid/erythroid ratio and so on. The BP smears were observed with the same methods, the counting and classification of 100 nucleated cells were performed to calculate a variety of nucleated cell percentage. The resulted data were analyzed by the SPSS 12.0 statistical software, the difference of proliferation degree and ratio of each cell lineage in BM smears were compared, the relationship of morphological features of PB smears with BM smears was analyzed. The results showed that obvious or extreme active proliferation of nucleated cells was observed in HAL and NHAL groups, but the myeloproliferation in HAL group was more active than that in NHAL group (P < 0.05). The erythrocyte and megakaryocyte lineages were suppressed in both groups, while the HAL group showed a lower proportion of erythrocyte and megakaryocyte lineages in BM as compared with NHAL group (P < 0.05). The hemoglobin and platelet levels in PB of HAL group were obviously lower than those in PB of NHAL group (P < 0.05). The leukemia cells could be seen in PB smears of NHAL, but the proportion of leukemia cells in NHAL group was smaller than that in HAL group (P < 0.05). The leukocyte count in PB of HAL group strongly positively correlated with the proliferation degree of leukemia cells in BM of HAL group (r = 0.422). It is concluded that the significant difference of proliferation degree, cell levels and blast ratio in BM and PB exists in HAL and NHAL groups, moreover the leukemia cells ratio, leukocyte, hemoglobin and platelet levels in PB of HAL all show characteristic changes. Therefore the contrast analysis of characteristic changes from laboratorial detection contributes to grasp the regular pattern of HAL, meanwhile has an important value for guiding correct diagnosis of acute leukemia and choosing suitable treatment options.

Establish of animal model of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy / 中华实验眼科杂志

Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION)is a common optic neuropathy seriously affecting the visual function in the middle-aged and elderly population.However,its pathogenesis is not completely clear,and therefore its treating efficacy is dissatisfactory.The current study on NAION is focused on the establishment of suitable animal model and the pathogenesis.In recent years,the relatively ideal animal models(including rodent and primate) have been established by photodynamic methods,which make people have more in-depth understanding on the pathophysiologic mechanism of NAION and lay the basis for the research of therapies.The selection of experimental animals,various induction methods and existing problems in the creation of NAION animal model were reviewed and analyzed in this artical.

Effect of Yisui Shengxue Granule () on the oxidative damage of erythrocytes from patients with hemoglobin H disease / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Yisui Shengxue Granule (, YSSXG), a complex Chinese medicine, on the oxidative damage of erythrocytes from patients with hemoglobin H (HbH) disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two patients with HbH disease and 22 healthy volunteers were observed. YSSXG was given to patients with HbH disease for 3 months. Before and after the 3-month treatment, blood parameters [hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), and reticulocyte percent (Ret)] were examined; inclusion bodies in erythrocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); activities of antioxidant defense enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (Cat)] and erythrocyte membrane malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In patients with HbH disease, measured values of RBC and Hb obtained from the first to the third months after treatment with YSSXG were significantly higher than before treatment (P<0.01). Measured values of Ret from the second to the third months after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Prior to treatment with YSSXG, TEM images of RBCs showed the presence of numerous inclusion bodies. After treatment with YSSXG, the amount and volume of inclusion bodies decreased. Treatment with YSSXG also led to a significant increase in SOD activity (P<0.01), a decrease in Cat activity (P<0.01), and no significant differences in GSHPx activity (P>0.05) or MDA concentration (P>0.05). However, compared with the healthy counterparts, SOD, GSH-Px, and Cat activities presented at high levels (P<0.01) both before and after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>YSSXG could improve the degree of hemolysis and anemia in patients with HbH disease. The mechanism may be related to its antioxidative effects, which could elevate the activity of total SOD in erythrocytes and efficiently inhibit the oxidative precipitation of β-globin chains.</p>

Expression and function of TRAF1 in Hodgkin's lymphoma cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the function of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) and CD30-TRAF1 signaling in Hodgkin's lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Endogenous and CD30 ligand-induced TRAF1 expression at mRNA and protein levels were examined by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, respectively. RNA interference was performed to silence the expression of TRAF1 in L428 cells and examine its effect on cell survival. ELISA-based NF-kappaB family transcription factor activity assay was performed to quantify the kappaB DNA-binding activity in nuclear extracts. The expression of JunB was measured by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TRAF1 expression was detected at both mRNA and protein levels in B cell-derived lymphoma cell lines (L428 and KM-H2). CD30 activation via binding to CD30 ligand induced the TRAF1 expression, the relative mRNA expression was increased to 7.26 +/- 0.23 from 3.50 +/- 0.20, the relative protein expression was increased to 4.53 +/- 0.55 from 2.31 +/- 0.35. The apoptosis rate was increased to (27.7 +/- 5.8)% in TRAF1-silenced L428 cells compared to (5.7 +/- 1.2)% in control cells. The p50 and RelA DNA-binding activity were decreased in TRAF1-silenced L428 cells. The expression of JunB upon CD30 ligand stimulation was not changed in TRAF1-silenced L428 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TRAF1 is overexpressed in B cell-derived Hodgkin's lymphoma cells, which is regulated by CD30 signaling pathway. TRAF1 is a crucial molecule mediating the activation of the classical NF-kappaB activity, which further facilitates the anti-apoptosis.</p>

Noncanonical NF-κB pathway and hematological malignancies / 中国实验血液学杂志

Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), including RelA, RelB, c-Rel, NF-κB1, and NF-κB2, plays a crucial role in immune response, inflammatory reaction, tumorigenesis, and development of peripheral lymphoid organs and lymphocytes. There are two NF-κB activation pathways: canonical pathway (classical pathway) and noncanonical pathway (alternative pathway). Previous studies focused on the effects of the canonical NF-κB pathway (mainly p50-RelA) in hematological malignancies. Recently, the noncanonical NF-κB pathway (mainly p52-RelB) is gradually taken importance in pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. Understanding the relations of the noncanonical pathway with hematological malignancies would provide a new therapeutic approach for these diseases. This review focuses on the noncanonical NF-κB signaling transduction pathway and its relation to hematologic malignancies.